The mediating role of team performance between affiliative leadership and project success in the IT Sector

Authors

  • Aqeel Wahab Department of Management Science, Abasyn University, Peshawar, Pakistan https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4314-339X
  • Muhammad Bilal Shaukat Department of Management Science, Abasyn University, Peshawar, Pakistan
  • Moeen ud Din Nasir Department of Management Science, Abasyn University, Peshawar, Pakistan

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.31384/jisrmsse/2023.21.3.5

Keywords:

resource based view, affiliative leadership, team performance, project success

Abstract

By utilizing the Resource Based View theory, this research seek to establish the effect of affiliative leadership on project success. This
study further examines the mediating role of team performance in the given relationship. The data was gathered from a sample of 300 project-team professionals employed within the IT sector of Pakistan. The PLS-SEM method was used to test the direct and mediating impacts. The findings indicated a significant influence of a affiliative leader on project success, with team performance playing a mediating role. The result showed that affiliative leader significantly influences project success and the team performance mediates the relationship between affiliative leadership and project success. This research stands out as one of the few studies that delve into the inter-relationships between affiliative leadership, project success, and team outcomes. It is worth noting that research in the developing countries context is notably scarce in this area. This study makes a significant contribution in IT sector by validating that affiliative leadership impacts project success while team performance mediates this relation. Our research brings a dual contribution to the literature, emphasizing the originality of our study. It establishes connections between affiliative leadership, team performance, and project success within the framework of the Resource-Based View, focusing on the unique context of the thriving IT sector in Pakistan. This originality extends our findings’ applicability to practitioners and researchers in diverse settings.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Aga, D. A., Noorderhaven, N., & Vallejo, B. (2016). Transformational leadership and project success: The mediating role of team-building. International Journal of Project Management, 34(5), 806–818. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijproman.2016.02.012

Akob, M., Arianty, R., & Putra, A. H. P. K. (2020). The mediating role of distribution Kahn’s engagement: An empirical evidence of salesforce in Indonesia. The Journal of Asian Finance, 7(2), 249–260. DOI: https://doi.org/10.13106/jafeb.2020.vol7.no2.249

Aritzeta, A., Swailes, S., & Senior, B. (2007). Belbin’s team role model: Development, validity and applications for team building. Journal of Management Studies, 44(1), 96–118. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6486.2007.00666.x

Bagozzi, R. P., & Yi, Y. (1988). On the evaluation of structural equation models. Journal of the academy of marketing science, 16, 74–94. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02723327

Baker, B. N., Murphy, D. C., & Fisher, D. (2008). Factors affecting project success. 6. In Project Management Handbook (2nd ed., Vol. 35, pp. 902–919). DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/9780470172353.ch35

Bakker, R. M., Boroş, S., Kenis, P., & Oerlemans, L. A. (2013). It’s only temporary: time frame and the dynamics of creative project teams. British Journal of Management, 24(3), 383–397. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8551.2012.00810.x

Balliet, D., & Ferris, D. L. (2013). Ostracism and prosocial behavior: A social dilemma perspective. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 120(2), 298–308. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.obhdp.2012.04.004

Bao, Y., Liao, S., Liao, J., Zhang, Y., Deng, C., & Guo, Z. (2019). A study of the mechanism of the congruence of leader-follower power distance orientation on employees’ task performance. Frontiers in Psychology, 10, 615–615. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.00615

Barling, J. (2014). The science of leadership: Lessons from research for organizational leaders. USA: Oxford University Press. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199757015.001.0001

Barney, J. (1991). Firm resources and sustained competitive advantage. Journal of Management, 17(1), 99–120. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/014920639101700108

Barney, J. B. (2001). Is the resource-based “view” a useful perspective for strategic management research? Yes. Academy of management review, 26(1), 41–56. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5465/amr.2001.4011938

Bennis, W. (2007). The challenges of leadership in the modern world: Introduction to the special issue. American psychologist, 62(1). DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.62.1.2

Carson, J. B., Tesluk, P. E., & Marrone, J. A. (2007). Shared leadership in teams: An investigation of antecedent conditions and performance. Academy of Management Journal, 50(5), 1217–1234. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5465/amj.2007.20159921

Chaithanapat, P., Punnakitikashem, P., Oo, N. C. K. K., & Rakthin, S. (2022). Relationships among knowledge-oriented leadership, customer knowledge management, innovation quality and firm performance in SMEs. Journal of Innovation & Knowledge, 7(1), 100162–100162. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jik.2022.100162

Clough, D. R., Fang, T. P., Vissa, B., & Wu, A. (2019). Turning lead into gold: How do entrepreneurs mobilize resources to exploit opportunities. Academy of Management Annals, 13, 240–271. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5465/annals.2016.0132

Collis, D. J., & Montgomery, C. A. (1995). How do you create and sustain a profitable strategic? Competing on resources. Harvard business review, 73(4), 118–128.

Day, D. V., Gronn, P., & Salas, E. (2004). Leadership capacity in teams. The Leadership Quarterly, 15, 857–880. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.leaqua.2004.09.001

de Mora Schmidt, A. C., Cristóbal, R. P., & Redondo, E. M. S. (2013). Identificación de actuaciones para la mejora del atractivo turístico de una ciudad a través de la metodología Concept Mapping. Papers de Turisme, 111–124.

Din, M. S. U., Haq, S. U., Chughtai, M. A., & Rashid, M. M. (2022). The impact of shared leadership on project success: Mediating role of degree of autonomy and team performance. KASBIT Business Journal, 15(4), 31–43.

Fornell, C., & Larcker, D. F. (1981). Evaluating structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error. Journal of Marketing Research, 18(1), 39–50. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/002224378101800104

Gagnon, S., Vough, H. C., & Nickerson, R. (2012). Learning to lead, unscripted: Developing affiliative leadership through improvisational theatre. Human Resource Development Review, 11(3), 299–325. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/1534484312440566

Galbreath, J. (2005). Which resources matter the most to firm success? An exploratory study of resource-based theory. Technovation, 25(9), 979–987. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.technovation.2004.02.008

Goleman, D., Boyatzis, R. E., & Mckee, A. (2013). Primal leadership: Unleashing the power of emotional intelligence. Harvard Business Press.

Goleman, D. (2001, February 23). Emotional Intelligence: Five Years Later. New Horizons for learning. Retrieved from https://www.edutopia.org/emotional-intelligence-five-years-later

Guchait, P., Lei, P., & Tews, M. J. (2016). Making teamwork work: Team knowledge for team effectiveness. The Journal of psychology, 150(3), 300–317. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00223980.2015.1024596

Hair, J. F., Jr, Hult, G. T. M., Ringle, C., & Sarstedt, M. (2017). A Primer on Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). SAGE Publications.

Haq, S. U., Gu, D., Liang, C., & Abdullah, I. (2019). Project governance mechanisms and the performance of software development projects: Moderating role of requirements risk. International Journal of Project Management, 37(4), 533–548. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijproman.2019.02.008

Haq, S. U., Liang, C., Gu, D., Du, J. T., & Zhao, S. (2018). Project governance, project performance, and the mediating role of project quality and project management risk: an agency theory perspective. Engineering Management Journal, 30(4), 274–292. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/10429247.2018.1503038

He, J., Butler, B. S., & King, W. R. (2007). Team cognition: Development and evolution in software project teams. Journal of Management Information Systems, 24(2), 261–292. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2753/MIS0742-1222240210

Henseler, J., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2015). A new criterion for assessing discriminant validity in variance-based structural equation modeling. Journal of the academy of marketing science, 43, 115–135. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11747-014-0403-8

Iqbal, S. M. J., Nawaz, M. S., Bahoo, S., & Abdul, M. L. (2017). Impact of project teamwork on project success in Pakistan. South Asian Journal of Management, 11(1), 1–13. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21621/sajms.2017111.01

Javed, B., Khan, A. A., Bashir, S., & Arjoon, S. (2017). Impact of ethical leadership on creativity: The role of psychological empowerment. Current Issues in Tourism, 20(8), 839–851. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/13683500.2016.1188894

Kasapoğlu, E. (2014). Leadership styles in architectural design offices in Turkey. Journal of Construction Engineering and Management, 140(2). DOI: https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)CO.1943-7862.0000799

Khan, M. A. (2020). The impact of project management styles on digital transformation: A Case Study of an IT services company. International Journal of Project Management, 4(1), 1–9.

Khan, M. A., Ali, M. I., & Umar, M. (2019). Impact of leadership styles on project success: evidence from private sector firms of construction industry. GMJACS, 9(2), 20–20.

Kissi, J., Dainty, A., & Tuuli, M. (2013). Examining the role of transformational leadership of portfolio managers in project performance. International Journal of project management, 31(4), 485–497. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijproman.2012.09.004

Koester, E. (2016). Green entrepreneur handbook: The guide to building and growing a green and clean business. CRC Press. Retrieved from https://library.oapen.org/handle/20.500.12657/40084 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1201/b10332

Koman, E. S., & Wolff, S. B. (2008). Emotional intelligence competencies in the team and team leader: A multi-level examination of the impact of emotional intelligence on team performance. Journal of Management Development, 27(1), 55–75. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/02621710810840767

Kuiper, N. A., Kirsh, G. A., & Leite, C. (2010). Reactions to humorous comments and implicit theories of humor styles. Europe’s Journal of Psychology, 6(3), 236–266. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5964/ejop.v6i3.215

Latif, K. F., Nazeer, A., Shahzad, F., Ullah, M., Imranullah, M., & Sahibzada, U. F. (2020). Impact of entrepreneurial leadership on project success: mediating role of knowledge management processes. Leadership & Organization Development Journal, 41(2), 237–256. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/LODJ-07-2019-0323

Lee, P. K., Cheng, T. E., Yeung, A. C., & Lai, K. H. (2011). An empirical study of transformational leadership, team performance and service quality in retail banks. Omega, 39(6), 690–701. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.omega.2011.02.001

Lin, Y., Yang, M., Quade, M. J., & Chen, W. (2021). Is the bottom line reached? An exploration of supervisor bottom-line mentality, team performance avoidance goal orientation and team performance. Human Relations, 75(2), 349–372. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/00187267211002917

Malec, J. F., Torsher, L. C., Dunn, W. F., Wiegmann, D. A., Arnold, J. J., Brown, D. A., & Phatak, V. (2007). The mayo high performance teamwork scale: reliability and validity for evaluating key crew resource management skills. Simulation in Healthcare, 2(1), 4–10. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097/SIH.0b013e31802b68ee

Mappamiring, M., Akob, M., & Putra, A. H. P. K. (2020). What Millennial Workers Want? Turnover or Intention to Stay in Company. The Journal of Asian Finance, 7(5), 237–248. DOI: https://doi.org/10.13106/jafeb.2020.vol7.no5.237

Mariam, S., Khawaja, K. F., Qaisar, M. N., & Ahmad, F. (2022). Knowledge-oriented leadership, team cohesion, and project success: A conditional mechanism. Project Management Journal, 53(2), 128–145. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/87569728211063128

Mathieu, J., Maynard, M. T., Rapp, T., & Gilson, L. (2008). Team effectiveness 1997-2007: A review of recent advancements and a glimpse into the future. Journal of management, 34(3), 410–476. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0149206308316061

Mitchell, R., Boyle, B., Parker, V., Giles, M., Chiang, V., & Joyce, P. (2015). Managing inclusiveness and diversity in teams: How leader inclusiveness affects performance through status and team identity. Human Resource Management, 54(2), 217–239. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/hrm.21658

Moe, N. B., Dahl, B. H., Stray, V., Karlsen, L. S., & Schjødt-Osmo, S. (2019). Team autonomy in large-scale agile. Proceedings of the Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS), 6997–7006. DOI: https://doi.org/10.24251/HICSS.2019.839

Mosakowski, E. (2002). Overcoming resource disadvantages in entrepreneurial firms: When less is more. Strategic entrepreneurship: Creating a new mindset, 106–126. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/9781405164085.ch6

Müller, R., & Turner, R. (2007). The influence of project managers on project success criteria and project success by type of project. European management journal, 25(4), 298–309. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.emj.2007.06.003

Nason, R. S., & Wiklund, J. (2018). An assessment of resource-based theorizing on firm growth and suggestions for the future. Journal of management, 44(1), 32–60. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0149206315610635

Nunnally, J. C. (1978). Psychometric Theory. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill.

Özpolat, K., Chen, Y., Hales, D., Yu, D., & Yalcin, M. G. (2014). Using contests to provide business students project-based learning in humanitarian logistics: PSAid example. Decision Sciences Journal of Innovative Education, 12(4), 269–285. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/dsji.12044

Pearce, C. L., & Sims, H. P. (2002). Vertical versus shared leadership as predictors of the effectiveness of change management teams: An examination of aversive, directive, transactional, transformational, and empowering leader behaviors. Group dynamics: Theory, research, and practice, 6, 172–172. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/1089-2699.6.2.172

Penrose, E. T. (1959). The theory of the growth of the firm. New York, NY: Oxford University Press.

Pradhan, P., Costa, L., Rybski, D., Lucht, W., & Kropp, J. P. (2017). A systematic study of sustainable development goal (SDG) interactions. Earth’s Future. Earth’s Future, 5(11), 1169–1179. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/2017EF000632

Preacher, K. J., & Hayes, A. F. (2004). SPSS and SAS procedures for estimating indirect effects in simple mediation models. Behavior Research Methods, Instruments, & Computers, 36, 717–731. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03206553

Preston, G., Moon, J., Simon, R., Allen, S., & Kossi, E. (2015). The relevance of emotional intelligence in project leadership. Journal of Information Technology and Economic Development, 6(1), 16–16.

Pretorius, S., Steyn, H., & Bond-Barnard, T. J. (2018). Leadership styles in projects: Current trends and future opportunities. South African Journal of Industrial Engineering, 29(3), 161–172. DOI: https://doi.org/10.7166/29-3-2057

Romero, E. J., & Arendt, L. A. (2011). Variable effects of humor styles on organizational outcomes. Psychological reports, 108(2), 649–659. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2466/07.17.20.21.PR0.108.2.649-659

Salas, E., Diazgranados, D., Klein, C., Burke, C. S., Stagl, K. C., Goodwin, G. F., & Halpin, S. M. (2008). Does team training improve team performance? A meta-analysis. Human factors, 50(6), 903–933. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1518/001872008X375009

Salas, E., Dickinson, T. L., Converse, S. A., & Tannenbaum, S. I. (1992). Toward an understanding of team performance and training. In Teams: Their training and performance (pp. 3–29). Ablex Publishing. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/e561492011-003

Saleem, H., Sajid, A., Aftab, R., & Malik, Z. (2021). A Journey to Cherish; How Transformational Leadership Affects Project Success through Team Performance. PSYCHOLOGY AND EDUCATION, 58(1), 1156–1166. DOI: https://doi.org/10.17762/pae.v58i1.866

Sarros, J. C., Cooper, B. K., & Santora, J. C. (2008). Building a climate for innovation through transformational leadership and organizational culture. Journal of leadership & Organizational studies, 15(2), 145–158. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/1548051808324100

Schwalbe, K. (2015). Information technology project management. Cengage Learning. Scott-Young, C., & Samson, D. (2004). Project success and project team human resource management: Evidence from capital projects in the process industries. In Proceedings of the PMI Research Conference.

Shenhar, A. J., & Dvir, D. (1996). Toward a typological theory of project management. Research Policy, 25(4), 607–632. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0048-7333(95)00877-2

Singh, S. K., Burgess, T. F., Heap, J., & Mehrzi, N. (2016). Competing through employee engagement: a proposed framework. International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management, 65(6), 831–843. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/IJPPM-02-2016-0037

Stevenson, D., & Starkweather, J. A. (2017). IT project success: The evaluation of 142 success factors by IT PM professionals. International Journal of Information Technology Project Management (IJITPM), 8(3), 1–21. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4018/IJITPM.2017070101

Techjuice. (2015). 20 reasons why Pakistan’s technology industry is much more than a fake degree scam. Retrieved from https://www.techjuice.pk/pakistan-technology-achievements/

Wachira, J. G., Karanja, K., & Iravo, M. (2018). Influence of Affiliative Leadership Style on Organizational Performance of Commercial State Corporations in Kenya. European Journal of Business and Strategic Management, 3(3), 17–28. Retrieved from https://www.iprjb.org/journals/index.php/EJBSM/article/view/623

Wernerfelt, B. (1984). A resource-based view of the firm. Strategic Management Journal, 5(2), 171–180. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.4250050207

Young, A. A., Millard, T., & Kneale, M. M. (2013). Enhancing school counselor instructional leadership through collaborative teaming: Implications for principals. NASSP Bulletin, 97(3), 253–269. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0192636513483356

Zacher, H., & Rosing, K. (2015). Ambidextrous leadership and team innovation. Leadership & Organization Development Journal, 36(1), 54–68. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/LODJ-11-2012-0141

Zahur, H., Ali, M. I., & Gul, M. (2022). The Role of Knowledge-Oriented Leadership and Team Creativity in ERP Project Success. Pakistan Social Sciences Review, 6(2), 721–732. Retrieved from https://ojs.pssr.org.pk/journal/article/view/170 DOI: https://doi.org/10.35484/pssr.2022(6-II)60

Zhu, Y. Q., & Chen, H. G. (2016). Empowering leadership in R & D teams: A closer look at its components, process, and outcomes. R&D Management, 46(4), 726–735. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/radm.12114

Zia, N. U. (2020). Knowledge-oriented leadership, knowledge management behavior and innovation performance in project-based SMEs. The moderating role of goal orientations. Journal of Knowledge Management, 24(8), 1819–1839. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/JKM-02-2020-0127

Zwikael, O., & Unger-Aviram, E. (2010). Hrm in project groups: The effect of project duration on team development effectiveness. International Journal of Project Management, 28(5), 413–421. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijproman.2009.09.005

Published

2023-09-30

How to Cite

Wahab, A., Shaukat, M. B., & Nasir, M. ud D. (2023). The mediating role of team performance between affiliative leadership and project success in the IT Sector. JISR Management and Social Sciences & Economics, 21(3), 92–117. https://doi.org/10.31384/jisrmsse/2023.21.3.5